The U.S. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) granted conditional approval to five major cryptocurrency companies on December 12, 2025, allowing themThe U.S. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) granted conditional approval to five major cryptocurrency companies on December 12, 2025, allowing them

Five Crypto Companies Win Federal Banking Approval in Historic Regulatory Shift

This marks one of the most significant regulatory developments in crypto history, bringing digital asset firms under the same federal oversight as traditional financial institutions.

The approved companies are Circle, Ripple, BitGo, Fidelity Digital Assets, and Paxos. Circle and Ripple received brand new charters, while BitGo, Fidelity, and Paxos converted their existing state-level trust companies into national trust banks.

Why This Matters

National trust bank charters give crypto companies a major advantage. Instead of navigating different rules in each state, they can now operate under a single federal framework across all 50 states. They gain direct supervision by the OCC, the federal agency that oversees more than 1,000 national banks holding over $17 trillion in assets.

These charters allow the companies to offer digital asset custody services and conduct fiduciary activities. However, they cannot accept deposits, make loans, or offer FDIC insurance like traditional banks.

Source: @sytaylor

OCC Comptroller Jonathan V. Gould, who took office in July 2025, said the approvals are “good for consumers, the banking industry and the economy.” Gould previously served as the OCC’s chief counsel during the first Trump administration, when the agency chartered the first crypto banks.

The Five Companies

Circle received approval for its First National Digital Currency Bank. The company issues USDC, a stablecoin with a $78 billion market cap. Circle went public in May 2025 and plans to use the charter to oversee its USDC reserves and provide custody services for institutional clients.

Ripple gained approval for Ripple National Trust Bank. The company issues the RLUSD stablecoin worth $1.3 billion. Interestingly, Ripple’s charter explicitly states it will not issue RLUSD through the trust bank. CEO Brad Garlinghouse called the approval a “massive step forward” and criticized traditional bank lobbyists for anti-competitive tactics.

Paxos converted its state charter to become Paxos Trust Company, National Association. Unlike Ripple, Paxos received explicit permission to issue stablecoins under federal oversight. CEO Charles Cascarilla said the company is “excited to power a platform subject to federal oversight and supervision.”

BitGo, based in South Dakota, converted its existing charter to federal status. The company holds about $90 billion in crypto assets under custody and filed for an IPO in September 2025. BitGo reported revenue of $4.19 billion in the first half of 2025, up from $1.12 billion during the same period in 2024.

Fidelity Digital Assets also converted from a state charter to national status, joining its sister companies under federal banking regulation.

The GENIUS Act Connection

These approvals follow the passage of the GENIUS Act, which President Trump signed into law on July 18, 2025. The law creates the first federal regulatory framework for stablecoins.

The GENIUS Act passed with strong bipartisan support—68 to 30 in the Senate and 308 to 122 in the House. It requires stablecoin issuers to back every dollar of their digital currency with liquid assets like U.S. dollars or Treasury bills. The law also gives the OCC authority to supervise nonbank stablecoin issuers.

Circle filed its application on June 30, 2025, while Ripple applied in July 2025. The OCC has a 120-day review period for charter applications under the new law.

A Surge in Applications

The crypto charter rush reflects changing attitudes toward digital assets. The OCC received 14 charter applications in 2025 alone. From 2011 through 2024, the agency averaged fewer than four applications per year.

Other major crypto companies have filed applications that are still pending, including Coinbase, Bridge (owned by Stripe), and Crypto.com. These companies were not included in the December 12 approvals.

Anchorage Digital became the first federally chartered crypto bank in January 2021. CEO Nathan McCauley welcomed the new approvals, saying his company “never wanted to be the last.”

Banking Industry Pushback

Not everyone supports bringing crypto companies into the federal banking system. The Bank Policy Institute, which represents major banks, questioned whether the OCC’s requirements are “appropriately tailored to the activities and risks” these companies face.

Traditional banking groups have fought against crypto charter applications throughout 2025. In September, three banking trade groups representing $234 trillion in assets asked regulators to limit crypto custody to traditional banks only. The Independent Community Bankers of America has filed complaints against several crypto firms seeking federal charters.

Ripple’s Garlinghouse directly addressed this opposition, stating that critics have “complained that crypto isn’t playing by the same rules, but here’s the crypto industry—directly under the OCC’s supervision and standards—prioritizing compliance, trust and innovation.”

What Happens Next

These are conditional approvals, meaning the companies must meet specific OCC requirements before becoming fully operational national trust banks. Once they satisfy all conditions, they will join approximately 60 existing national trust banks regulated by the OCC.

The approvals represent a dramatic policy shift under the Trump administration. Jonathan Gould, who has experience with both traditional finance and crypto (he previously worked as chief legal officer at Bitfury Group), is leading the OCC’s crypto-friendly approach.

For crypto companies, federal charters provide regulatory clarity and could boost institutional confidence. For traditional banks, these approvals signal increased competition in custody and digital asset services.

The Road Ahead

The December 12 approvals mark a turning point in how the United States regulates digital assets. By bringing stablecoin issuers and crypto custodians into the federal banking system, regulators are betting that clear rules will protect consumers better than keeping these companies in a regulatory gray zone.

Whether this approach succeeds will depend on how well these new trust banks operate under OCC supervision and whether they can deliver on promises of compliance and consumer protection. With billions of dollars in stablecoins already circulating and institutional adoption growing, the stakes have never been higher for getting crypto regulation right.

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Turn lengthy earnings call transcripts into one-page insights using the Financial Modeling Prep APIPhoto by Bich Tran Earnings calls are packed with insights. They tell you how a company performed, what management expects in the future, and what analysts are worried about. The challenge is that these transcripts often stretch across dozens of pages, making it tough to separate the key takeaways from the noise. With the right tools, you don’t need to spend hours reading every line. By combining the Financial Modeling Prep (FMP) API with Groq’s lightning-fast LLMs, you can transform any earnings call into a concise summary in seconds. The FMP API provides reliable access to complete transcripts, while Groq handles the heavy lifting of distilling them into clear, actionable highlights. In this article, we’ll build a Python workflow that brings these two together. You’ll see how to fetch transcripts for any stock, prepare the text, and instantly generate a one-page summary. Whether you’re tracking Apple, NVIDIA, or your favorite growth stock, the process works the same — fast, accurate, and ready whenever you are. Fetching Earnings Transcripts with FMP API The first step is to pull the raw transcript data. FMP makes this simple with dedicated endpoints for earnings calls. If you want the latest transcripts across the market, you can use the stable endpoint /stable/earning-call-transcript-latest. 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Cleaning and Preparing Transcript Data Raw transcripts from the API often include long paragraphs, speaker tags, and formatting artifacts. Before sending them to an LLM, it helps to organize the text into a cleaner structure. Most transcripts follow a pattern: prepared remarks from executives first, followed by a Q&A session with analysts. Separating these sections gives better control when prompting the model. In Python, you can parse the transcript and strip out unnecessary characters. A simple way is to split by markers such as “Operator” or “Question-and-Answer.” Once separated, you can create two blocks — Prepared Remarks and Q&A — that will later be summarized independently. This ensures the model handles each section within context and avoids missing important details. Here’s a small example of how you might start preparing the data: import re# Example: using the transcript_text we fetched earliertext = transcript_text# Remove extra spaces and line breaksclean_text = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', text).strip()# Split sections (this is a heuristic; real-world transcripts vary slightly)if "Question-and-Answer" in clean_text: prepared, qna = clean_text.split("Question-and-Answer", 1)else: prepared, qna = clean_text, ""print("Prepared Remarks Preview:\n", prepared[:500])print("\nQ&A Preview:\n", qna[:500]) With the transcript cleaned and divided, you’re ready to feed it into Groq’s LLM. Chunking may be necessary if the text is very long. A good approach is to break it into segments of a few thousand tokens, summarize each part, and then merge the summaries in a final pass. Summarizing with Groq LLM Now that the transcript is clean and split into Prepared Remarks and Q&A, we’ll use Groq to generate a crisp one-pager. 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Summarize the following earnings call section for {symbol} ({quarter} {year}). Be factual and concise. Return: 1) TL;DR (3–5 bullets) 2) Results vs. guidance (what improved/worsened) 3) Forward outlook (specific statements) 4) Risks / watch-outs 5) Q&A takeaways (if present) Text: <<< {section_text} >>> """ return textwrap.dedent(template).format( symbol=symbol, quarter=quarter, year=year, section_text=section_text )def summarize_section(section_text, symbol="NVDA", quarter="Q2", year="2024"): if not section_text or section_text.strip() == "": return "(No content found for this section.)" prompt = build_prompt(section_text, symbol, quarter, year) return call_groq(prompt)# Example usage with the cleaned splits from Section 3prepared_summary = summarize_section(prepared, symbol="NVDA", quarter="Q2", year="2024")qna_summary = summarize_section(qna, symbol="NVDA", quarter="Q2", year="2024")final_one_pager = f"""# {symbol} Earnings One-Pager — {quarter} {year}## Prepared Remarks — Key Points{prepared_summary}## Q&A Highlights{qna_summary}""".strip()print(final_one_pager[:1200]) # preview Tips that keep quality high: Keep temperature low (≈0.2) for factual tone. 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Here’s how it comes together in Python: def summarize_earnings_call(symbol, quarter, year, api_key, groq_key): # Step 1: Fetch transcript from FMP url = f"https://financialmodelingprep.com/api/v3/earning_call_transcript/{symbol}?quarter={quarter}&year={year}&apikey={api_key}" resp = requests.get(url) resp.raise_for_status() data = resp.json() if not data or "content" not in data[0]: return f"No transcript found for {symbol} {quarter} {year}" text = data[0]["content"] # Step 2: Clean and split clean_text = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', text).strip() if "Question-and-Answer" in clean_text: prepared, qna = clean_text.split("Question-and-Answer", 1) else: prepared, qna = clean_text, "" # Step 3: Summarize with Groq prepared_summary = summarize_section(prepared, symbol, quarter, year) qna_summary = summarize_section(qna, symbol, quarter, year) # Step 4: Merge into final one-pager return f"""# {symbol} Earnings One-Pager — {quarter} {year}## Prepared Remarks{prepared_summary}## Q&A Highlights{qna_summary}""".strip()# Example runprint(summarize_earnings_call("NVDA", 2, 2024, API_KEY, GROQ_API_KEY)) With this setup, generating a summary becomes as simple as calling one function with a ticker and date. 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